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Islam
A religion based on the teachings of the prophet Mohammed (c. 570-632 AD), believing in one God, Allah, and in Paradise and Hell, and having a body of law put forth in the Koran and the Sunna.
Also, Moslems as a group, the Islamic civilization, and nations whose predominant populations and religion are Moslem.
Islamism is the religious faith, tenets, or cause of Islam. Islam was founded on the 7th century AD as a result of revelation to Mohammed the Prophet.
There are three Islamic traditions:
1. The Sunni; the majority, and the more orthodox group. They recognize the succession from Mohammed to Abu Bakr to the next three caliphs (rulers of the Islamic world).
2. The Shi'ites; followers of Ali, Mohammed's nephew and son-in-law. They believe in 12 imans (teachers) who guide the faithful to paradise. 3. Three other sub-sects exist: the Sufis, the Ismailis, and the Wahhabis.
Islam sacred texts are the Koran (the word of God as revealed to Mohammed), the Hadith (what Mohammed the Prophet said and did), and the Sunnah (rules and regulations of Muslim life).
See A Brief Illustrated Guide To Understanding Islam, A Dictionary of Islam: Being a Cyclopaedia of the Doctrines, Rites, Ceremonies and Customs, Together With the Technical and Theological Terms, of the Muslim Religion, Answering Islam: The Crescent in Light of the Cross, Islam: The Straight Path, The Oxford History of Islam, Animism, Horoscope, Horary Astrology, Zodiac, Numerology, Astrology, Bibliomancy, Kabbalism, Alchemy, Casting Black Magic Spells, Commanding Spirits, The Tarot Store, The Chakra Store, Divination & Scrying Tools and Supplies, and The Pyramid Collection.
Sources: (1) Spence, Lewis, An Encyclopedia of Occultism, Carol Publishing Group; (2) Dictionary of the Occult, Caxton Publishing.
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-- A Brief Illustrated Guide To Understanding Islam.
-- A Dictionary of Islam: Being a Cyclopaedia of the Doctrines, Rites, Ceremonies and Customs.
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-- Christianity and Islam.
-- From Zoroastrian Iran to Islam: Studies in Religious History and Intercultural Contacts.
-- Islam: A Short History (Modern Library Chronicles).
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